Introduction to Addition of Numbers – Primary 1 Maths Lesson (2nd Term)
LESSON NOTE: Introduction to Addition of Numbers
Subject: Mathematics
Class: Primary 1
Term: Second Term
Week: 2
Age: 5–6 years
Topic: Introduction to Addition of Numbers
Sub-topic: Adding Numbers Within 1–20
Duration: 40 Minutes
Behavioural Objectives
By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:
- Define addition in their own words.
- Identify the addition sign (+).
- Add two numbers correctly within 1–20.
- Represent addition using real objects.
- Solve simple addition problems using counting materials.
Keywords and Meanings
- Addition: Putting two or more numbers together to make a bigger number.
- Add: To join or bring together.
- Plus (+): The symbol that shows addition.
- Sum: The answer we get after adding numbers.
- Altogether: The total amount after combining things.
- Count: To say numbers in order (1, 2, 3…).
- More: A bigger number or greater quantity.
- Total: The complete amount after adding.
- Increase: To make a number larger by adding.
- Equal (=): The sign that shows the result of addition.
Set Induction (Attention-Grabbing Story)
The teacher begins with a lively story:
“Children, listen! One morning, Amina went to the market with her mummy. She bought 2 oranges and later saw another woman selling 3 more oranges. Amina smiled and said, ‘Now I have more!’ Can you tell me how many oranges Amina has altogether?”
Pupils respond excitedly.
Teacher smiles and says:
“Good! That is called Addition! We add numbers to find how many we have in total.”
Entry Behaviour
Pupils already know how to count numbers from 1 to 70 and can identify numbers up to 20 confidently.
Learning Resources and Materials
- Bottle caps, counters, or sticks
- Flashcards showing addition examples
- Whiteboard and marker
- Chart with “+” and “=” signs
- Picture cards showing fruits, pencils, or toys
Building Background / Connection to Prior Knowledge
The teacher asks pupils:
- “If you have 2 pencils and I give you 1 more, how many will you have now?”
- “If there are 3 boys and 2 girls in the class, how many children are there altogether?”
These questions link counting to real-life experience and prepare them for addition.
Embedded Core Skills
- Numeracy: Recognizing and combining numbers.
- Critical Thinking: Solving number problems.
- Collaboration: Working in pairs with counting materials.
- Communication: Explaining answers aloud.
- Creativity: Using real-life items to represent numbers.
Learning Materials
- Counters, bottle tops, or stones
- Flashcards with numbers and symbols (+, =)
- Wall charts showing examples like “2 + 3 = 5”
- Worksheets with pictures of objects to count and add
Reference Books
- Lagos State Unified Scheme of Work for Mathematics (Primary 1)
- Universal Basic Education Mathematics Book 1
- New Method Primary Mathematics Book 1
Instructional Materials
- Number cards
- Flashcards showing sums
- Board chart showing “Addition Stories”
- Real counting objects
CONTENT DEVELOPMENT
Meaning of Addition
Addition means joining numbers or groups of objects together to find how many they are in total.
We use the plus sign (+) to show addition.
We use the equal sign (=) to show the result or total.
Examples of Addition
| Example | Explanation |
|---|---|
| 1 + 1 = 2 | One plus one equals two. |
| 2 + 3 = 5 | Two and three make five. |
| 4 + 2 = 6 | Four add two gives six. |
| 5 + 1 = 6 | Five plus one equals six. |
| 7 + 3 = 10 | Seven and three make ten. |
| 6 + 4 = 10 | Six add four equals ten. |
| 8 + 2 = 10 | Eight plus two equals ten. |
| 10 + 5 = 15 | Ten and five make fifteen. |
| 9 + 1 = 10 | Nine plus one equals ten. |
| 4 + 5 = 9 | Four plus five equals nine. |
In-depth Explanation with 5 Practical Examples
1. Addition Using Objects
Use bottle caps or sticks.
Example: 3 sticks + 2 sticks = 5 sticks.
2. Addition Using Fingers
Show 4 fingers on one hand and 3 fingers on the other.
Count all fingers: 4 + 3 = 7.
3. Addition in Pictures
Picture of 2 apples and 3 apples = 5 apples altogether.
4. Addition in Real Life
If you have ₦2 and your friend gives you ₦3, you now have ₦5.
5. Addition Using Number Line
Start from 2, move 3 steps forward → you land on 5.
So, 2 + 3 = 5.
PRESENTATION STRUCTURE
Step 1: Revision of Previous Lesson
Teacher revises counting and filling gaps from 1–70.
Pupils count aloud from 1–20.
Step 2: Introduction of the New Topic
Teacher introduces “Addition” and explains it with a real story (Amina and her oranges).
Step 3: Teacher’s Activities
- Display flashcards showing + and = signs.
- Demonstrate addition using counting sticks.
- Write examples on the board (e.g., 2 + 3 = 5).
- Guide pupils to solve more examples with real objects.
- Correct and praise pupils’ efforts.
Step 4: Learners’ Activities
- Count and add objects with the teacher.
- Copy examples into their books.
- Participate in group counting activities.
- Answer oral questions from the teacher.
Class Activity Discussion (FAQs)
- Q: What does addition mean?
A: Joining numbers together to get the total. - Q: What sign shows addition?
A: Plus sign (+). - Q: What is the answer of an addition called?
A: Sum or total. - Q: What is 2 + 1?
A: 3. - Q: What is 5 + 3?
A: 8. - Q: What comes after the plus sign?
A: Another number to be added. - Q: What comes after the equal sign?
A: The answer or total. - Q: How many are 6 pencils and 4 pencils altogether?
A: 10 pencils. - Q: What is 7 + 2?
A: 9. - Q: What do we call “+”?
A: Plus sign.
Evaluation Questions
A. Fill in the Blank (Choose a, b, c, or d)
- Addition means to ______ numbers together.
(a) break (b) join (c) remove (d) hide - The sign for addition is ______.
(a) – (b) ÷ (c) + (d) × - 2 + 1 = ______
(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 5 - 5 + 2 = ______
(a) 6 (b) 7 (c) 8 (d) 9 - The answer of addition is called ______.
(a) total (b) less (c) minus (d) equal - 4 + 3 = ______
(a) 6 (b) 7 (c) 8 (d) 9 - Which of these means addition?
(a) Take away (b) Add together (c) Divide (d) Subtract - 1 + 9 = ______
(a) 8 (b) 9 (c) 10 (d) 11 - 3 + 4 = ______
(a) 6 (b) 7 (c) 8 (d) 9 - 10 + 5 = ______
(a) 14 (b) 15 (c) 16 (d) 17
B. Short Answer Questions
- What is addition?
- What is the sign of addition?
- What is the sum of 4 and 3?
- Add 6 and 2.
- What is 5 + 5?
- What is 7 + 1?
- What is 8 + 2?
- What is 10 + 0?
- What is 3 + 6?
- What is 9 + 1?
Assessment
Teacher gives short oral and written exercises.
Pupils solve on the board and on slates.
Teacher observes and corrects errors kindly.
Conclusion
Teacher reviews the lesson:
“Addition means joining numbers together to find the total.”
Pupils count objects and chant: “Two plus three gives five!”
Teacher marks their work and praises effort with applause or stickers.
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Introduction to Addition of Numbers – Primary 1 Maths Lesson (2nd Term)
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Teach your pupils how to add numbers easily with this Lagos-style Primary 1 Maths lesson note on addition. Includes fun stories, examples, and class activities.
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Learn how to teach addition to Primary 1 pupils with this simple Lagos-style lesson note, including real examples, class story, and activities.
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