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Primary 1 English Second Term Lesson Note | Phonics, Adjectives & Composition

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ENGLISH GRAMMAR LESSON PLAN – PRIMARY 1 (SECOND TERM, WEEK 2)

Subject: English Studies

Class: Primary 1

Term: Second Term

Week: 2

Age: 6 years

Topic: Phonics, Structure, and Composition Writing

Sub-topics:

  • Phonics: Pronunciation of I, J, K, L
  • Structure: Descriptive Adjectives
  • Composition: What I Do Every Day

Duration: 40 minutes

Behavioural Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

  1. Pronounce words beginning with the sounds /i/, /j/, /k/, and /l/ correctly.
  2. Identify words that start with the sounds I, J, K, and L.
  3. Define adjectives and recognize descriptive adjectives in sentences.
  4. Use descriptive adjectives to describe people, objects, and animals.
  5. Write simple sentences using adjectives.
  6. Write a short composition on “What I Do Every Day.”
  7. Speak clearly using the correct pronunciation of given words.
  8. Differentiate between nouns and adjectives.
  9. Describe their daily routine using correct grammar.
  10. Build confidence in speaking and writing simple English sentences.

Keywords and Meanings

Keyword Meaning
Phonics Learning the sounds that letters make
Pronunciation The correct way to say a word
Sound What we hear when letters or words are spoken
Adjective A word that describes a noun or pronoun
Descriptive Telling what something looks or feels like
Noun The name of a person, animal, place, or thing
Routine Something you do every day
Sentence A group of words that make complete sense
Daily Happening every day
Describe To tell what something is like

Set Induction (Attention-Grabbing Story)

The teacher tells a short story:

“Every morning, Tobi wakes up early. He brushes his white teeth, wears his clean shirt, and goes to school with his blue bag. In school, he greets his kind teacher and reads aloud from his big book. After class, he goes home to eat his sweet rice and sleep in his soft bed.”

The teacher then asks:

  • What did Tobi do every day?
  • Can you name the words that describe Tobi’s things (white teeth, clean shirt, blue bag…)?
  • Let’s learn about words that describe — they are called Descriptive Adjectives.

Entry Behaviour

Pupils have learned how to pronounce basic consonant and vowel sounds and can form simple sentences using He, She, and It.

Learning Resources and Materials

  • Flashcards with letters I, J, K, L
  • Word charts and sound posters
  • Picture cards (iron, joy, king, lime, etc.)
  • Short daily routine pictures (brush, eat, sleep)
  • Whiteboard and markers

Reference Books

  • Lagos State Unified Scheme of Work (English Studies, Primary 1)
  • New Oxford Primary English Book 1
  • Learn Africa English Studies Book 1

Building Background / Connection to Prior Knowledge

The teacher asks:

  • What letters did we pronounce last week?
  • Can you remember some describing words like “good,” “small,” or “red”?
    Pupils respond, building on prior phonics and grammar knowledge.

⚙️ Embedded Core Skills

  • Phonemic Awareness
  • Literacy Development
  • Critical Thinking
  • Communication
  • Writing Skills

Content

A. PHONICS: Pronunciation of I, J, K, L

1. /i/ — iron, ink, insect, igloo, ice
2. /j/ — joy, jug, jam, jump, jacket
3. /k/ — king, kite, key, kitchen, kangaroo
4. /l/ — lime, leg, lion, lamp, leaf

Examples (Underline the word that starts with the given sound):

  1. /i/ (a) bag (b) iron (c) ball
  2. /j/ (a) cup (b) biro (c) joy
  3. /k/ (a) queen (b) man (c) kings
  4. /l/ (a) lime (b) bag (c) joy

B. STRUCTURE: Descriptive Adjectives

Definition:
A descriptive adjective is a word that tells more about a noun or pronoun. It describes how something looks, feels, or behaves.

Examples:

  1. big bag
  2. red car
  3. old man
  4. beautiful dress
  5. small boy
  6. clever girl
  7. long pencil
  8. sweet mango
  9. tall tree
  10. soft pillow

In-depth Understanding:

  • Adjectives give colour and life to our sentences.
  • Without them, speech sounds plain.
  • We use adjectives every day to describe what we see, feel, or do.

Examples in Sentences:

  1. He is a cricketer.
  2. He has a beautiful niece.
  3. I have an old touring cap.
  4. Give me that big red pad.
  5. She is a clever girl.

C. COMPOSITION WRITING: “What I Do Every Day”

Definition:
A composition is a short piece of writing on a topic.
Let’s write a few sentences about what we do every day.

Example Composition:

I wake up early in the morning.
I brush my teeth and take my bath.
I eat my breakfast and go to school.
I learn new things in class.
I come back home and do my homework.
I eat dinner and sleep early.

‍ Teacher’s Activities

  1. Revises the previous lesson on vowel sounds.
  2. Introduces the new sounds (I, J, K, L).
  3. Displays word and picture cards.
  4. Guides pupils to pronounce and underline correct words.
  5. Defines descriptive adjectives and gives examples.
  6. Writes sample sentences on the board.
  7. Engages pupils in describing objects around them.
  8. Guides pupils in writing their short composition.
  9. Reads pupils’ work aloud for correction.

Learners’ Activities

  1. Pronounce and repeat words after the teacher.
  2. Identify and underline correct sound words.
  3. Mention adjectives from given sentences.
  4. Describe objects using adjectives.
  5. Write simple sentences about their daily routine.

Class Activity Discussion (10 FAQs and Answers)

Question Answer
1. What is phonics? Learning the sounds of letters.
2. What are adjectives? Words that describe nouns.
3. Give one adjective for a cat. Small or black.
4. What sound does “J” make? /j/ as in joy.
5. What sound does “K” make? /k/ as in king.
6. What sound does “L” make? /l/ as in lion.
7. Give one adjective for your mother. Kind.
8. Give one adjective for your teacher. Good.
9. What do you do every morning? I brush my teeth.
10. What do you do before bed? I sleep.

Evaluation Questions

A. Objective (Choose the correct answer):

  1. /i/ (a) bag (b) iron (c) ball
  2. /j/ (a) joy (b) car (c) mat
  3. /k/ (a) king (b) man (c) hen
  4. /l/ (a) lime (b) bag (c) joy
  5. He has a ______ niece. (a) beautiful (b) fat (c) clever
  6. I have an ______ cap. (a) sweet (b) old (c) soft
  7. Give me that ______ pad. (a) red (b) hot (c) cold
  8. She is a ______ girl. (a) clever (b) small (c) short
  9. I wake up ______. (a) late (b) early (c) slow)
  10. I go to ______ every day. (a) school (b) church (c) market)

B. Short Answer Questions

  1. What is phonics?
  2. Give two words that begin with “I.”
  3. Give two words that begin with “K.”
  4. What is an adjective?
  5. Give two examples of adjectives.
  6. What sound does “L” make?
  7. Use “beautiful” in a sentence.
  8. Use “old” in a sentence.
  9. What do you do every day?
  10. Write one thing you do before you sleep.

Conclusion

The teacher revises the lesson, corrects errors, and praises pupils for participation.
Pupils read their short composition aloud. The teacher marks, gives feedback, and closes with a fun song:
“I, J, K, L – words we spell! Adjectives make stories tell!”

Primary 1 Phonics Revision – English Studies Lesson Plan (Second Term)

 

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