“Phonics Revision for Primary 1 – English Studies Lesson Note (Second Term)”

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ENGLISH STUDIES LESSON PLAN (PHONICS REVISION)

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Subject: English Studies

Class: Primary 1

Term: Second Term

Week: 9

Age: 6 years

Topic: Phonics Revision

Sub-topic: Vowel Sounds and Gender Differentiation (He / She / It)

Duration: 40 Minutes

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Behavioural Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

1. Identify vowel sounds in simple words.
2. Differentiate between /a:/ and /a/ sounds.
3. Use “He,” “She,” and “It” correctly in sentences.
4. Recognize and describe simple animals.
5. Write short words that begin with consonant sounds.
6. Read aloud simple words using correct pronunciation.
7. Match words with their correct sounds.
8. Describe animals using short, correct English sentences.
9. Distinguish between male and female gender terms.
10. Participate actively in class pronunciation drills.

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Keywords and Meanings

Keyword	Meaning
Phonics	Learning the sounds that letters make
Sound	What we hear when we speak or pronounce a letter
Vowel	The letters a, e, i, o, u
Consonant	Letters that are not vowels
Pronounce	To say a word clearly
He	Used for a boy or man
She	Used for a girl or woman
It	Used for animals or objects
Describe	To tell what something looks like
Gender	Whether someone or something is male or female

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Set Induction (Story Introduction)

The teacher tells a short story:

“One bright morning, Tunde and Ada went to the school farm. They saw a cat, a dog, and a hen. Tunde said, ‘The dog is strong, he can run fast!’ Ada smiled and said, ‘The cat is small, she likes milk!’ The teacher asked, ‘What about the hen?’ The pupils replied, ‘It lays eggs!’”

The teacher then asks:

• What animals did Tunde and Ada see?
• Did you hear the words he, she, and it?
• Let’s find out when to use each one and how sounds help us say words correctly.

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Entry Behaviour

Pupils have previously learned how to pronounce simple two-letter and three-letter words like cat, cup, boy, and hat.

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Learning Resources and Materials

• Flashcards with pictures of animals and words
• Sound chart (vowel and consonant sounds)
• Word cards showing /a:/ and /a/ examples
• Writing materials (slate, board, markers)
• Lagos State Scheme of Work for English Studies (Primary 1)

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Reference Books

• Lagos State Unified Scheme of Work (English Studies, Primary 1)
• New Oxford Primary English Book 1
• Learn Africa English Studies Book 1

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Building Background / Connection to Prior Knowledge

The teacher asks pupils to say words they know that have the letter “a.” Pupils respond with words like cat, cap, cake, ball, etc.

The teacher then explains that sometimes the sound of “a” changes depending on the word.

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⚙️ Embedded Core Skills

• Literacy and Phonemic Awareness
• Communication Skills
• Critical Thinking
• Listening and Speaking
• Writing Skills

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Content

A. Understanding Vowel Sounds

1. Vowels are letters that make open mouth sounds: a, e, i, o, u.
2. Each vowel can have short and long sounds.
3. Today we focus on /a:/ (as in “park”) and /a/ (as in “cat”).

Examples of /a:/:

• park
• car
• hard
• farm
• dark

Examples of /a/:

• cap
• cat
• bag
• fan
• map

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B. Structure: Gender Differentiation

We use:

• He – for a boy or man
• She – for a girl or woman
• It – for an animal or object

Examples:

1. He is a boy.
2. She is a girl.
3. It is a cat.
4. He runs fast.
5. It barks loudly.

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C. Writing: Describing Animals

1. Cat – It is small and loves milk.
2. Dog – It is brave and barks loudly.
3. Hen – It lays eggs.
4. Ram – It is strong and has horns.
5. Fish – It swims in water.

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‍ Teacher’s Activities

1. Revises previous phonics lesson.
2. Introduces new sounds /a:/ and /a/ using examples.
3. Demonstrates pronunciation slowly.
4. Displays pictures of animals and asks pupils to describe them.
5. Guides pupils to use “He,” “She,” or “It” correctly.
6. Writes exercises on the board for practice.
7. Walks around to assist pupils as they read and write.
8. Provides corrections and praise.

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Learners’ Activities

1. Repeat vowel sounds after the teacher.
2. Identify correct sound in each word.
3. Match pictures of animals with “He,” “She,” or “It.”
4. Write short animal names correctly.
5. Participate in reading aloud.

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Class Activity Discussion (10 FAQs with Answers)

Question	Answer
1. What are vowels?	Vowels are a, e, i, o, u.
2. What sound does “a” make in “cat”?	Short /a/.
3. What sound does “a” make in “park”?	Long /a:/.
4. What do we use for a boy?	He.
5. What do we use for a girl?	She.
6. What do we use for an animal?	It.
7. Say a word with /a:/ sound.	Car.
8. Say a word with /a/ sound.	Cap.
9. What sound is in “farm”?	/a:/.
10. What sound is in “fan”?	/a/.

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Evaluation Questions (Objective Type)

Underline the correct answer:

1. /a:/ → (a) gate (b) gain (c) park
2. /a:/ → (a) hath (b) cup (c) hard
3. /a/ → (a) cup (b) boy (c) cap
4. /a/ → (a) corn (b) girl (c) fan
5. ___ is a girl. (a) He (b) She (c) It
6. ___ is a boy. (a) He (b) She (c) It
7. The ___ barks loudly. (a) cat (b) dog (c) hen
8. The ___ lays eggs. (a) hen (b) goat (c) cow
9. The ___ drinks milk. (a) dog (b) cat (c) fish
10. The ___ swims in water. (a) ram (b) cow (c) fish

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✍ Short Answer Evaluation Questions

1. What are the vowel letters?
2. What is the short sound of “a”?
3. Give two examples of words with /a:/.
4. Give two examples of words with /a/.
5. What word do we use for a girl?
6. What word do we use for a boy?
7. What word do we use for an animal?
8. Spell the word “cat.”
9. Spell the word “dog.”
10. What animal lays eggs?

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Conclusion

The teacher goes around to mark pupils’ work, offers praise for effort, and corrects errors kindly.
The class ends with a short song on vowel sounds to reinforce learning.

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Primary 1 Second Term Continuous Assessment Tests