Social Studies Primary 4 Lesson Note On Accidents

Perfect, Mrs. Bolujo Emily
Social Studies Primary 4 Lesson Note – Accidents and Safety Rules

Social Studies Lesson Note for Primary 4 – First Term

Subject: Social Studies

Class: Primary 4

Term: First Term

Week: 6

Age: 8 – 9 years

Topic: Accidents

Sub-topic: Causes, Effects, and Prevention of Accidents

Duration: 40 minutes

Behavioural Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

Define what an accident is.
Identify common causes of accidents.
Mention different types of accidents.
Explain the effects of accidents on individuals and the community.
Suggest ways to prevent accidents.

Keywords and Meanings

Keyword	Meaning
Accident	An unexpected event that causes harm or damage.
Injury	When a person gets hurt or wounded.
Safety	Being free from danger or harm.
Carelessness	Not being careful enough.
Prevention	Steps taken to stop something bad from happening.
Traffic Rules	Laws that help keep people safe on the road.
Emergency	A sudden, serious situation needing quick help.
Fire Safety	Ways to stop or reduce harm from fire.
First Aid	Quick help given to an injured person before going to the hospital.
Obedience	Doing what you are told to do by authority or rules.

Set Induction (Attention Grabber)

The teacher begins with a story:
“Last week, in front of our school gate, a little boy named Tunde was running across the road to buy sweets. He didn’t look left or right. A car was coming! The driver pressed the horn loudly—peeeep!—and stopped just in time. Everyone shouted in fear. Tunde was lucky! But what if the driver didn’t stop?”

Ask pupils:

“What could have happened?”

“Why do you think Tunde almost had an accident?”

Guide them to realize that accidents often happen when we are not careful or do not follow safety rules.

Entry Behaviour

Pupils have seen people fall while playing, burn fingers while cooking, or hear news about road accidents. They can connect these experiences to the lesson.

Learning Resources and Materials

Charts showing different types of accidents (road, home, school)
Flashcards with safety symbols
Toy car, road signs, pictures of fire, safety helmets

Building Background / Connection to Prior Knowledge

Pupils already know that being careless can cause people to get hurt. This lesson will help them understand how to stay safe and protect others.

Embedded Core Skills

Safety awareness
Critical thinking
Civic responsibility
Problem-solving skills
Communication and participation

Instructional Materials

Lagos State Unified Scheme of Work
Basic Education Curriculum (Social Studies)
Real-life pictures and safety charts

Reference Books

Lagos State Scheme of Work for Social Studies, Primary 4
Basic Education Curriculum by NERDC
Lessonshabitat.com teacher resource bank

Content Development

Definition of Accident

An accident is an unexpected event that causes harm, injury, or damage to people or property.

Common Causes of Accidents

Carelessness and playing rough.
Not following safety rules.
Running across the road carelessly.
Faulty electrical or mechanical tools.
Slippery floors or unsafe environment.
Poor road behavior (overspeeding, wrong crossing).
Using sharp objects carelessly.
Fire outbreaks due to negligence.
Ignoring safety signs.
Lack of adult supervision.

Types of Accidents

Road Accidents: When vehicles hit people, other vehicles, or objects.
Example: A car hitting a motorcycle because of speeding.
Home Accidents: Burns, cuts, or falls that happen at home.
Example: A child touching a hot iron or slipping on wet floor.*
School Accidents: Falls while running or playing.
Example: Pushing one another on the playground.*
Work Accidents: Injuries at workplaces.
Example: A carpenter getting hurt with a hammer.*
Fire Accidents: Caused by open flames or faulty wires.
Example: Leaving a gas stove on after cooking.*

Effects of Accidents

Injury or death.
Damage to property.
Emotional pain and fear.
Financial loss (hospital bills, repair costs).
Loss of time and productivity.
Fear of repeating the activity.

Prevention of Accidents

Always obey traffic rules.
Use safety equipment (helmets, seat belts).
Keep your environment neat and free from danger.
Be careful with sharp or hot objects.
Avoid playing on the road.
Fix faulty tools or machines.
Read and obey safety signs.
Walk, don’t run, in hallways.
Never touch electric sockets.
Always call an adult in dangerous situations.

Teacher’s Activities

Explains the meaning of accident with examples.
Shows pictures of different accidents.
Leads pupils in identifying unsafe practices.
Discusses safety measures to prevent accidents.
Encourages pupils to share real-life experiences.

Learners’ Activities

Listen carefully and answer questions.
Mention examples of accidents they have seen.
Suggest ways to stay safe.
Draw or role-play accident prevention tips.
Participate in class discussions.

Class Activity Discussion (FAQs)

Question	Answer
1. What is an accident?	An unexpected event that causes harm or injury.
2. Can accidents happen at home?	Yes, if we are careless.
3. What causes accidents?	Carelessness and not obeying rules.
4. Name two types of accidents.	Road and home accidents.
5. What happens when accidents occur?	People get hurt or properties get damaged.
6. How can we prevent accidents?	By following safety rules.
7. Why should we obey traffic rules?	To keep ourselves and others safe.
8. Who should we call when an accident happens?	An adult or emergency helper.
9. What does safety mean?	Being free from harm or danger.
10. What lesson did we learn today?	Be careful and obey rules to avoid accidents.

Evaluation Questions

A. Fill-in-the-Blank Questions (Choose a, b, c, or d)

An ______ is an unexpected event that causes harm.
a) holiday b) accident c) play d) game
We can prevent accidents by being ______.
a) careless b) careful c) playful d) lazy
Accidents at home may happen because of ______ floors.
a) dirty b) wet c) dry d) rough
A child should not play near ______.
a) kitchen b) school c) park d) house
Road accidents happen when drivers ______.
a) overspeed b) rest c) stop d) walk
Fire accidents can be caused by ______.
a) water b) carelessness c) sweeping d) resting
Safety means being free from ______.
a) danger b) food c) fun d) sleep
People get ______ when accidents happen.
a) happy b) hurt c) strong d) fine
One cause of accidents is not following ______.
a) safety rules b) football c) stories d) greetings
Always use a ______ when riding a bicycle.
a) cap b) helmet c) book d) bag