Primary 1 English Studies Lesson Note | Week 4 Phonics and Six-Letter Words

Primary 1 English Studies Lesson Note – Week 4 (Phonics and Six-Letter Words)

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ENGLISH STUDIES LESSON NOTE

Primary 1 – Second Term – Week 4

Age: 5–6 years
Subject: English Studies
Duration: 40 minutes
Topic: Phonics (Pronunciation Practices)
Sub-topic: Structure – Introducing and Describing Objects with Six-Letter Words

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Behavioural Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

1. Identify and pronounce simple six-letter words correctly.
2. Differentiate between words that sound alike but have different meanings (homophones).
3. Use six-letter words in simple descriptive sentences.
4. Recognize the correct spellings of common six-letter words.
5. Match words that sound similar in pronunciation.

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Keywords and Meanings

1. Phonics – the study of sounds in words.
2. Pronunciation – the correct way of saying a word.
3. Object – a thing we can see or touch.
4. Describe – to tell what something looks like.
5. Word – a group of letters that has meaning.
6. Sound – what we hear when we speak or listen.
7. Similar – almost the same.
8. Six-letter word – a word that has six letters.
9. Spelling – writing a word with the correct letters.
10. Homophone – words that sound alike but have different meanings or spellings.

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Set Induction (Story to Capture Attention)

Teacher tells a short story:

“One morning, Musa wanted to bake a cake. He asked his sister to bring flour, but she brought a flower! They both laughed. Children, can you hear the difference between flour and flower? They sound the same but mean different things! Let’s learn more words like that today.”

(Allow pupils to respond with laughter and curiosity.)

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Entry Behaviour

Pupils have already learned how to identify and pronounce two- and three-letter words. They can now recognize short vowel and consonant sounds.

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Learning Resources and Materials

• Word and picture flashcards
• Charts showing six-letter words
• Audio aids for pronunciation practice
• Whiteboard and marker
• Objects like candles, collars, and pencils

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Building Background / Connection to Prior Knowledge

Teacher reminds pupils of their previous lesson on plurals and pronunciation of letters. Pupils repeat a few simple words to recall familiar sounds.

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Embedded Core Skills

• Listening and speaking
• Reading and writing
• Critical thinking
• Phonemic awareness
• Observation and comparison

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Reference Books

1. Lagos State Unified Scheme of Work (Primary 1, English Studies)
2. Brighter Grammar Book 1
3. Oxford Primary English (Book 1)

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Instructional Materials

Charts, flashcards, real classroom objects, and pronunciation drills.

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Lesson Content

Definition and Explanation

1. Phonics helps us know the sounds of letters and words.
2. Pronunciation means saying words correctly.
3. Six-letter words are words with six letters.
4. Homophones are words that sound the same but mean different things.
5. Descriptive words help us talk about what objects look like or how they are used.

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Examples of Six-Letter Words

1. Candle
2. Collar
3. Labour
4. Factor
5. Pencil
6. Market
7. Bottle
8. Flower
9. Bucket
10. Animal

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Examples of Words That Sound Similar (Homophones)

1. Buy – By – Bye
2. Die – Dye
3. Flower – Flour
4. Made – Maid
5. Feet – Feat

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Explanation with Examples

1. Buy / By / Bye – All sound the same but mean different things.
   • I want to buy a pen.
   • She stood by the door.
   • Bye, see you tomorrow!
2. Die / Dye –
   • Flowers die without water.
   • We dye clothes to change their colour.
3. Flower / Flour –
   • A flower is a plant part that blooms.
   • Flour is used for baking.
4. Made / Maid –
   • My mum made a dress.
   • The maid cleaned the room.
5. Feet / Feat –
   • We walk with our feet.
   • Winning a race is a great feat.

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‍ Presentation Structure

1. Revision: Teacher revises the previous topic (Plural of objects).
2. Introduction: Teacher introduces pronunciation practice and six-letter words.
3. Demonstration: Teacher writes and pronounces examples aloud.
4. Participation: Pupils repeat and identify similar-sounding words.
5. Application: Pupils use six-letter words in short sentences.

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‍♀️ Teacher’s Activities

• Writes examples of six-letter words on the board.
• Pronounces each word slowly and clearly.
• Encourages pupils to repeat after her.
• Displays flashcards and allows pupils to match objects with words.
• Gives exercises for spelling and pronunciation.

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‍♂️ Learners’ Activities

• Listen and repeat words after the teacher.
• Match words with pictures.
• Write two six-letter words in their books.
• Identify words that sound alike.
• Take turns to read aloud to the class.

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Evaluation Questions

A. Multiple Choice Questions

1. The word flower sounds like ______.
   (a) flour (b) flow (c) fly (d) flat
2. The word buy sounds like ______.
   (a) bay (b) bye (c) bag (d) bat
3. The word maid sounds like ______.
   (a) made (b) mad (c) man (d) mare
4. The plural of feet is ______.
   (a) feets (b) feet (c) foot (d) feate
5. Which of these has six letters?
   (a) candle (b) bag (c) pen (d) cup
6. The correct spelling for a light object is ______.
   (a) caddle (b) candle (c) kandle (d) cundle
7. The opposite of buy is ______.
   (a) sell (b) sit (c) cry (d) send
8. The word factor has how many letters?
   (a) five (b) six (c) seven (d) eight
9. We use our ______ to walk.
   (a) foot (b) feet (c) feate (d) fair
10. The word flower is used to describe a ______.
    (a) building (b) car (c) plant (d) bag

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B. Short Answer Questions

1. What is phonics?
2. What does pronunciation mean?
3. Write any two six-letter words.
4. Give one example of a homophone.
5. Spell the word labour.
6. Spell the word candle.
7. Which word sounds like dye?
8. Write two words that sound alike.
9. What do we use for baking?
10. What is the opposite of buy?

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Class Activity Discussion (FAQs and Answers)

1. Q: What is phonics?
   A: Phonics helps us learn the sounds of words.
2. Q: What does pronunciation mean?
   A: It means saying words correctly.
3. Q: What are six-letter words?
   A: Words that have six letters, like pencil and candle.
4. Q: What are homophones?
   A: Words that sound the same but mean different things.
5. Q: Give one example of a homophone.
   A: Buy and Bye.
6. Q: How many letters are in the word factor?
   A: Six.
7. Q: What is the plural of foot?
   A: Feet.
8. Q: What word sounds like maid?
   A: Made.
9. Q: What do we use to light up a room?
   A: A candle.
10. Q: What do we use for baking?
    A: Flour.

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Assessment

Teacher gives oral and written exercises to check pronunciation, spelling, and understanding.

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Conclusion

Teacher revises all examples, corrects mispronunciations, and guides pupils in spelling six-letter words correctly.

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Internal Links

• Primary 1 Second Term English Studies Lesson Notes | Singular and Plural Objects
• Primary 1 English Second Term Lesson Note | Phonics, Adjectives & Composition
• What is a Computer? – Primary 1 Information Technology Lesson

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External Links

• BBC Bitesize: Learning Phonics
• Grammarly Blog: Homophones Explained