Phonics Practice: Using His and Her – Synonyms, Antonyms & Homophones | Lessonshabitat

Phonics Practice: Using His and Her | Synonyms, Antonyms & Homophones for Kids

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English Studies Primary 1 Second Term Lesson Notes – Week 5

Subject: English Studies

Class: Primary 1

Term: Second Term

Week: 5

Age: 6 years

Topic: Phonics (Pronunciation Practice)

Sub-topic: Structure — Expressing Possession Using “His” and “Her”; Vocabulary — Synonyms, Antonyms, and Homophones

Duration: 40 Minutes

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Behavioural Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

1. Pronounce simple English words correctly.
2. Identify and use “his” and “her” to show possession.
3. Define and differentiate between synonyms, antonyms, and homophones.
4. Give examples of words with similar or opposite meanings.
5. Construct short, correct sentences using his and her.
6. Recognize homophones in spoken and written English.
7. Demonstrate correct pronunciation through classroom repetition.
8. Match words with their correct meanings.
9. Write short sentences using new vocabulary.
10. Show confidence in oral reading and spelling.

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Keywords and Meanings

1. Synonym – A word with the same or nearly the same meaning as another (e.g. happy – joyful).
2. Antonym – A word with the opposite meaning (e.g. big – small).
3. Homophone – Two words that sound alike but differ in meaning and spelling (e.g. two – too).
4. Possession – Showing that something belongs to someone.
5. Pronunciation – The correct way of saying a word.
6. Sentence – A group of words that make complete sense.
7. Word – A unit of language with meaning.
8. Grammar – The rule of how words are used correctly.
9. His – Showing something belongs to a boy or man.
10. Her – Showing something belongs to a girl or woman.

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Set Induction (Story-Based Introduction)

The teacher begins with a short story:

“One sunny morning, Chidi and Ada came to school. Chidi forgot his pencil, and Ada gave him her extra pencil. The class smiled because they helped each other.”

The teacher asks:

• Who gave Chidi the pencil?
• Whose pencil was it?
  This leads into today’s lesson — using his and her, and learning words that sound or mean the same.

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Entry Behaviour

Pupils have learned how to identify objects and name them using simple words like book, bag, cup, and pen.

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Learning Resources and Materials

• Flashcards showing pairs of words (synonyms, antonyms, and homophones)
• Picture cards (boy/girl with his and her belongings)
• Chalkboard and marker
• Phonics chart and word strips

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Building Background/Connection to Prior Knowledge

The teacher reminds pupils that in the last lesson, they learned about six-letter words and pronunciation. Now, they will learn how to show who owns what and how some words sound or mean the same.

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Embedded Core Skills

• Communication Skills
• Critical Thinking
• Listening and Speaking
• Writing and Reading Fluency

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Reference Books

• Lagos State Unified Scheme of Work (Primary 1 English Studies)
• Nigeria Educational Research and Development Council (NERDC) Curriculum
• English Grammar for Primary Schools by A. O. Adeyemi

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Instructional Materials

• Flashcards with examples (e.g., hot–cold, happy–sad)
• Audio pronunciation materials (if available)
• Class board illustrations

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Lesson Presentation

Step 1: Introduction

The teacher revises the previous topic on pronunciation of six-letter words like candle, labour, collar, and factor.

Step 2: Explanation

The teacher explains:

• Synonyms: Words that mean the same.
  Examples:
  1. Happy – Joyful
  2. Fast – Quick
  3. Smart – Clever
  4. Big – Large
  5. Nice – Kind
• Antonyms: Words that mean the opposite.
  Examples:
  1. Hot – Cold
  2. Good – Bad
  3. Tall – Short
  4. Day – Night
  5. Strong – Weak
• Homophones: Words that sound alike but have different meanings.
  Examples:
  1. Two – Too
  2. Sun – Son
  3. Eye – I
  4. Buy – By
  5. Flour – Flower
• Possession: Showing what belongs to someone.
  Examples:
  1. This is his book.
  2. That is her bag.
  3. His shirt is blue.
  4. Her shoes are new.
  5. His pen is on the table.

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Teacher’s Activities

1. Explain each key term using charts.
2. Pronounce each example slowly and ask pupils to repeat.
3. Show pictures of “boy” and “girl” and ask who owns each item using his and her.
4. Guide pupils to pair words that sound alike or mean the same.
5. Correct mispronunciations gently.

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Learners’ Activities

1. Listen attentively and repeat words after the teacher.
2. Match words with their correct meanings.
3. Write three sentences using his or her.
4. Identify and say synonyms, antonyms, and homophones aloud.
5. Participate in spelling and pronunciation drills.

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Class Activity Discussion (10 FAQs + Answers)

1. Q: What are synonyms?
   A: Words that mean the same.
2. Q: What are antonyms?
   A: Words that mean the opposite.
3. Q: What are homophones?
   A: Words that sound alike but have different meanings.
4. Q: What does his show?
   A: Something belongs to a boy or man.
5. Q: What does her show?
   A: Something belongs to a girl or woman.
6. Q: Is buy and by the same?
   A: They sound alike but mean different things.
7. Q: Give an example of a synonym for happy.
   A: Joyful.
8. Q: Give an antonym for tall.
   A: Short.
9. Q: Give a homophone for sun.
   A: Son.
10. Q: Say a sentence using her.
    A: Her bag is red.

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Evaluation Questions

A. Multiple Choice (Choose the correct answer)

1. The word that means the same as “small” is ______.
   a) tiny b) tall c) big
2. The opposite of hot is ______.
   a) warm b) cold c) heat
3. His shows something belongs to a ______.
   a) girl b) boy c) mother
4. Her shows something belongs to a ______.
   a) father b) girl c) man
5. The words sun and son are ______.
   a) antonyms b) homophones c) synonyms
6. The opposite of good is ______.
   a) fine b) bad c) better
7. The synonym of happy is ______.
   a) sad b) joyful c) tired
8. Buy and by sound ______.
   a) different b) alike c) long
9. The opposite of fat is ______.
   a) thin b) tall c) dark
10. The synonym of strong is ______.
    a) weak b) powerful c) soft

B. Short Answer Questions

1. What are synonyms?
2. What are antonyms?
3. What are homophones?
4. Write two examples of homophones.
5. Write two examples of synonyms.
6. Write two examples of antonyms.
7. Write one sentence using his.
8. Write one sentence using her.
9. Say a synonym of “fast.”
10. Say an antonym of “big.”

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Conclusion

The teacher reviews the lesson by asking pupils to repeat the definitions and examples. The teacher goes round to mark their work, provides gentle corrections, and praises active learners.

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Phonics Practice: Using His and Her | Synonyms, Antonyms & Homophones for Kids

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Phonics Practice: Using His and Her – Synonyms, Antonyms & Homophones | Lessonshabitat

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Engage your pupils with this fun Primary 1 English lesson on pronunciation, possession words (his/her), and vocabulary skills like synonyms, antonyms, and homophones.

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Phonics

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Learn how to teach phonics, synonyms, antonyms, and homophones effectively using his and her in this engaging Primary 1 lesson plan.

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Internal Links:

• Primary 1 English Second Term Lesson Note | Phonics, Adjectives & Composition
• Primary 1 Phonics Revision – English Studies Lesson Plan (Second Term)

External Links:

• NERDC Curriculum Guide for Basic Education
• BBC Bitesize – Synonyms and Antonyms for Kids

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